The English Bulldog, registered by the AKC simply as the Bulldog, descends from the Old English Bulldog, a fierce dog used for bull-baiting until England outlawed the sport in 1835. After the ban it was remade into a companion that kept the massive head, loose wrinkled skin, undershot jaw and low, wide body but had a far gentler disposition.
Today many Bulldogs are calm, affectionate and good-humored, content with short walks and long naps near their people. Their flat faces bring real trade-offs: breathing trouble, poor heat tolerance, skin-fold infections and joint problems are common, and veterinary costs can be significant. Adopters do best when they plan for air-conditioned living, careful weight control and a veterinarian familiar with flat-faced breeds, and many rescue Bulldogs arrive with known medical histories.