Small white lap dogs from the central Mediterranean appear in Greek and Roman writing more than two thousand years ago, and the Maltese is usually counted as their descendant, though today's breed was largely standardized in Victorian Britain. Under its floor-length, silky white coat is a fine-boned toy dog that usually weighs under seven pounds. The single coat has no undercoat and sheds very little, but it mats quickly unless brushed often or kept in a short puppy cut.
Many Maltese are gentle, affectionate and surprisingly fearless, happiest when close to their people and often playful well into old age. Their small size makes them easy to carry but easy to injure, so they suit homes with careful adults or calm, older children. Prospective adopters should plan for regular grooming, daily tooth care, patient housetraining and a dog that dislikes long hours alone.