The Flat-Coated Retriever was developed in mid-1800s England as a gamekeeper's retriever for land and water. It was once Britain's favorite retriever before Labradors and Goldens overtook it, and the breed's numbers fell dangerously low around the two world wars before careful work from the 1960s rebuilt it. Its long, one-piece head is unique among retrievers, and its glossy, flat-lying coat comes in solid black or liver, with feathering on the legs and tail.
Often called the Peter Pan of dogs, many Flat-Coats keep a puppyish, tail-wagging exuberance well into old age. They tend to be cheerful and eager to please, which makes training rewarding, but they need lots of exercise and dislike long hours alone. Adopters should also understand the breed's unusually high cancer risk, which shortens many lives.