Golden Retrievers were developed in the Scottish Highlands in the 1800s as gun dogs that retrieve birds gently over rough ground and cold water. That history explains the dense, water-repellent double coat, the feathered legs and the soft mouth, and it's why so many Goldens love fetch and carrying things to people.
Many Goldens are warm, patient and eager to please, though they mature slowly and can stay exuberant and mouthy for two or three years. Expect heavy shedding, with the undercoat blowing out seasonally, plus mud and ticks coming home from Ozarks trails. Goldens usually weigh 55 to 75 pounds, and field-type dogs tend to be leaner and more driven than show-type ones. The breed's cancer risk is worth understanding before adopting, and a calm senior can be a great match.