Border Collies were shaped by shepherds along the Anglo-Scottish border, who wanted a dog that could gather and move sheep with speed, focus and very little instruction. A dog named Old Hemp, born in Northumberland in 1893, set the quiet, intense working style that still defines the breed. They're medium-sized and agile, 30 to 55 pounds, with rough or smooth double coats in black and white and many other colors.
Many are brilliant, eager learners that excel at agility, obedience and herding, and many bond closely with their people. That intelligence comes with a strong need for work. Without daily exercise and mental challenges, a Border Collie may invent its own jobs, from herding children to chasing cars. Dogs vary, so an adopter should plan for an active routine and judge the dog in front of them.