The English Bulldog, listed by the AKC simply as the Bulldog, descends from the Old English Bulldog, a dog used for bull-baiting until England banned the sport in 1835. Afterward the breed was remade into a companion. It kept the broad head, loose wrinkled skin and low, wide body but gained a gentle, good-humored nature. Many Bulldogs are calm and affectionate, happy with short walks and long naps near their people, though each dog varies.
The flat face brings real trade-offs. Breathing trouble, poor heat tolerance, skin-fold infections and joint problems are common, and vet bills can be significant. Bulldogs do best with air conditioning, careful weight control and a veterinarian familiar with flat-faced breeds, which matters in a place with hot summers and freezing winter nights.