Among the oldest retriever breeds, the Curly-Coated Retriever was shown in England by around 1860, developed by gamekeepers who wanted a tireless dog for waterfowl and upland birds. It is the tallest of the retrievers, and its body is covered in a dense mass of small, tight, crisp curls that shed water and brambles, while the face and front legs stay smooth. Curlies come in solid black or liver.
Compared with Labs and Goldens, many Curlies are more reserved with strangers and more independent in their thinking, often maturing slowly and keeping a playful streak for years. With family they tend to be affectionate and gentle. They are rare in the United States, so adopters may need patience, and they suit active households ready for daily exercise, steady training and a dog that likes to make some of its own decisions.