The Doberman Pinscher was developed in Germany in the late 1800s by Louis Dobermann, a tax collector who wanted a capable companion on his rounds. The result is a sleek, muscular working dog with a short, glossy coat in black, red, blue or fawn with rust markings. Dobermans have worked as police, military and protection dogs, and many American Dobermans still have cropped ears and docked tails, though natural ears and tails are becoming more common.
At home, many Dobermans are affectionate, sensitive dogs that stay close to their people. They're often watchful with strangers, so they do best with early socialization and consistent, reward-based training. Expect plenty of daily exercise and mental work, and plan for regular veterinary attention to heart health. Dobermans vary, and a calm adult can look very different from a driven young dog.