The English Bulldog, listed by the AKC simply as the Bulldog, descends from the Old English Bulldog, a dog used in bull-baiting until England banned the sport in 1835. It was reshaped into a companion with a massive head, loose wrinkled skin and a low, wide body, usually 40 to 55 pounds. Many are calm, affectionate and good-humored, though every Bulldog varies.
The flat face is what shapes daily care. Breathing trouble, poor heat tolerance, skin-fold infections and joint problems are common, and vet bills can run high. Adopters do well with air conditioning, careful weight control and a veterinarian familiar with flat-faced breeds. In a hot desert city, that cooling plan matters as much as space or a yard.