The English Bulldog, listed by the AKC simply as the Bulldog, descends from the Old English Bulldog, a fierce dog used in bull-baiting until England outlawed the sport in 1835. Afterward the breed was reshaped into a companion that kept the massive head, loose wrinkled skin and low, wide body but gained a far gentler disposition.
Most Bulldogs weigh 40 to 55 pounds and live roughly seven to ten years. Many are calm, affectionate and happy with short walks and long naps beside their people. The flat face brings trade-offs, including noisy breathing, poor heat tolerance, skin-fold infections and joint trouble, so adopters do best with careful weight control, a vet who knows flat-faced dogs and a budget that allows for medical care. Each Bulldog differs, and a vet's exam tells you more than looks do.