Despite the name, the Australian Shepherd took shape on ranches in the American West during the 1800s, likely from Spanish and Basque herding dogs crossed with collie types that arrived with sheep from Australia. Ranchers prized its stamina and quick thinking, and rodeo shows in the mid-1900s made it famous. Aussies are medium-sized, usually 40 to 65 pounds, with a weather-resistant double coat in merle, black or red and eyes that can be blue, brown or a mix.
Many Aussies are smart, devoted and tireless, and they're happiest with a job. They bond closely with family and can be reserved with strangers. Without daily exercise and mental work, that drive may turn into herding kids, chewing or barking. Expect heavy seasonal shedding and regular brushing. Dogs vary, so an adult's current habits say more than the breed label.