Golden Retrievers were developed in the Scottish Highlands in the late 1800s by Lord Tweedmouth, who wanted a gun dog that could retrieve birds gently over rough ground and cold water. The dense, water-repellent double coat, feathered legs and soft expression all come from that work. Goldens weigh roughly 55 to 75 pounds, and the coat comes in shades of gold that often pale with age.
Many Goldens are warm, patient and eager to please, and the breed is well known as family companions and as guide and therapy dogs. They mature slowly, so expect an exuberant, mouthy dog for two or three years. That thick coat sheds heavily, with seasonal blowouts, and it handles a Midwest winter better than a humid July afternoon. The breed's cancer risk is worth understanding before you adopt, and many seniors make calm, affectionate companions.