American Bulldogs descend from working bulldogs brought to the colonial South, where they caught loose cattle and feral hogs and guarded farms. The type nearly vanished after World War II until John D. Johnson and Alan Scott revived it. That history produced two looks: the heavier, shorter-muzzled Johnson or bully type and the leaner, more athletic Scott or standard type. Many dogs today blend both, usually white with patches of red, brown, brindle or fawn.
Many American Bulldogs are devoted and affectionate at home, but watchful with strangers and sometimes picky about other dogs, so early socialization and steady, reward-based training matter. The short coat sheds moderately all year, and a weekly brush handles most of it. Many shelter dogs labeled American Bulldog are mixes, so expect variety in size, energy and looks.