Golden Retrievers were developed in Scotland in the 1800s as gun dogs, bred to carry birds back gently over land and water. That history explains the dense, water-repellent double coat, the feathered legs and the habit of carrying toys, shoes and socks to the nearest person. Adults usually weigh 55 to 75 pounds and stand 21 to 24 inches tall.
Most Goldens are friendly, patient and eager to please, but they mature slowly and can stay bouncy and mouthy for two or three years. They shed heavily year-round, with bigger seasonal blowouts, so regular brushing is part of the routine. Dogs vary, and a Golden from field lines often needs more activity than one from show lines. Many seniors are calmer, which suits quieter homes.