American Bulldogs descend from working bulldogs that settlers brought to the American colonies. On Southern farms they caught cattle and feral hogs and guarded homesteads, and the type nearly vanished after World War II before John D. Johnson and Alan Scott helped revive it. That left two builds: the heavier, shorter-muzzled Johnson type and the leaner, more athletic Scott type, with many dogs falling somewhere between.
Most weigh 60 to 115 pounds, are mostly white, and are devoted to their families, with a confident, protective streak and plenty of stamina. Early socialization and steady, reward-based training matter from the start. Many shelter dogs labeled American Bulldog are mixes, so size, energy and coat can vary, and a dog's own behavior is a better guide than its label.